I-score: An indicator quantifying scientific research output

This study presents a new bibliometric indicator, the i-score, which is designed to measure the scientific output of individuals or groups. Similar to the Hirsch index (h-index), the i-score uses a single number to assess research performance. However, it goes a step further by considering the geometric area under the publication–citation curve, offering a more refined measurement that addresses the deficiencies of the h-index. Through three empirical studies, this study shows that the i-score offers a more consistent and accurate assessment of research performance by incorporating both productivity and quality.