Hybrid Navigation Autonomous Mobile Robots: Grid Mapping, Line Following, and Dynamic Obstacle Evasion

Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs) play a crucial role in modern automation, offering efficient and intelligent navigation systems. This research presents an AMR designed to operate within a structured grid coordinate system, implementing line-following and obstacle-avoidance mechanisms. The AMR utilizes Infrared sensors for precise line tracking and ultrasonic sensors with a servo motor for real-time obstacle detection and path recalibration. The proposed methodology involves assigning target coordinates, path planning, and dynamic rerouting to ensure uninterrupted movement. The experimental results demonstrate the system's efficiency in reaching designated points while avoiding to obstacles. This project contributes to advancing AMR navigation in industrial and logistical applications.