DOI: 10.18848/2324-755x/cgp/a169 ISSN: 2324-7568

Humans-Leading-Ethically-in-the-Loop

Maria Madison, Ezra Tefera, Anatole Manzi
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<p>In August of 2025, we conducted qualitative interviews and informal surveys with a rural population in Rwanda and with Nigerian physicians regarding generative artificial intelligence (AI). The physicians were participating in a global health equity leadership executive education program in Kigali, Rwanda. This article reports on the awareness, use, trust, concerns, and benefits of AI and information communication technology (ICT) described by these often-underrepresented populations. Their insights highlight the need for humans to lead ethically in the AI loop. Unregulated AI can be harmful to everyone, especially those living in resource-constrained settings or poverty. This work advances the need to (1) train AI developers on basic ethical principles similar to training requirements for researchers, (2) bring experts into greater dialogue with remote populations, and (3) develop sustainable engagement and initiatives that address communities’ evolving concerns over time. Knowledge needs to be shared, timely, affordable, and provided by trained local trusted leaders. Interventions to enhance the positive outcomes of AI on individuals’ lives must address community concerns regarding health, education, employment, and overall quality of life. Shared communication between experts and communities regarding AI design, challenges, and promises can enhance AI’s positive impacts on society. The methods and findings are not quantitative but rather qualitative in nature, illuminating areas that warrant further research.</p>

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