Human Papillomavirus Genotypes Among Women With Invasive Cervical Cancer in Nigeria: A Scoping Review
Nkiruka Obodoechina, Jennifer S. Smith, Peter Kalulu, Olufunto A. Olusanya, Onyekachukwu Anikamadu, Ucheoma Nwaozuru, Temitope Ojo, Ifeoluwatoolami Olaolorun, Folahanmi Akinsolu, Chika Onwuamah, Emily Gallaher, Yie Hwa Chang, Oliver Ezechi, Joseph Tucker, Juliet IwelunmorPurpose
Invasive cervical cancer (ICC) cases remain a major public health concern for women in Nigeria. The purpose of this scoping review is to assess the reporting of common human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes found in ICC cases among Nigerian women.
Methods
We searched five databases, including Embase, Ovid Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Google Scholar, to identify studies reporting HPV genotypes found in ICC cases in Nigeria. Study selection and data extraction were conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. Two researchers extracted data from each eligible article.
Results
A total of 668 records were identified, of which 422 studies were screened and six articles met the eligibility criteria. The included studies reported on HPV genotypes detected in ICC among Nigerian women. Across the studies, high-risk HPV (hrHPV) types 16, 18, 35, and 45 were identified in approximately 50% of ICC cases, whereas other detected genotypes included hrHPV types 31, 33, 51, and 52. Notably, in addition to globally predominant hrHPV types 16 and 18, hrHPV types 35 and 45 were also frequently detected, indicating their significant contribution to the ICC burden among Nigerian women.
Conclusion
After an extensive search, this study provides a comprehensive assessment of the overall prevalence and distribution of hrHPV genotypes in Nigerian women with ICC. The most common hrHPV genotypes detected in ICC in Nigeria are 16, 18, 35, 45, 31, 33, 51, and 52. hrHPV types 16 and 18 account for the majority of cases, but in Nigeria and among women of African descent worldwide, hrHPV types 45 and 35 are also significantly present in ICC cases.