Homoharringtonine Suppresses Prostate Cancer Progression Through Modulation of the TNF/NF-κB and MAPK Signaling Pathways

Prostate cancer (PCa) represents one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality among men. The efficacy of its treatment is often compromised by chemotherapeutic toxicity and multidrug resistance, underscoring the urgent need to develop efficient and low-toxicity alternative therapeutic strategies. Homoharringtonine (HHT), a bioactive compound, has demonstrated clinical anticancer efficacy in hematologic malignancies. However, its role and underlying mechanisms in prostate cancer remain largely unclear. This study provides evidence that HHT suppresses prostate cancer cell proliferation and promotes cell cycle arrest by modulating the TNF/NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, indicating its potential as a promising natural drug candidate for PCa treatment.