History in a New Light: Transformation of Historical Spaces Through Contemporary Public Art

ABSTRACT

The purpose of the study is to establish a theoretical framework for assessing the transformative potential of contemporary public art in historical locations from the perspective of landscape architecture. The methodology is based on a systematic analysis of 50 European projects, and an in‐depth examination of the impact of iconic artistic interventions on the transformation of historical spaces. This study focuses on large‐scale public installations in parks, urban squares, and historical city centres. A comprehensive assessment model is developed, incorporating social, economic, and environmental aspects of spatial changes. The study identifies five key factors for successful implementation: contextual consideration, community engagement, innovation, adaptability, and interdisciplinarity. A proposed seasonal programme promotes the active use of historical locations throughout the year, particularly in winter, through flexible lighting solutions. Economic studies revealed a multiplier effect: the development of creative industries and the increase in property values in nearby areas peaked 12–18 months after project implementation. The environmental assessment tool demonstrated that the most effective combination of historical water elements or structures and modern biophilic elements enhances biodiversity in urban environments. For the first time, a methodology for assessing the therapeutic impact of art spaces is developed, showing a positive effect on visitors' psychological well‐being and the overall quality of the urban environment. The analysis of digital technologies indicates that interactive elements significantly increase the engagement of younger visitors and sustain interaction with historical objects. The study offers an innovative and comprehensive approach to the transformation of historical sites, grounded in the synergy of technological innovation, social inclusion, and environmental sustainability within the context of landscape architecture.