Histopathological evaluation of placenta accreta spectrum disorders in obstetric hysterectomy specimens at a tertiary care center in a tribal region
Iqbal Singh, Kalpesh Vaghela, Shreya Gautam, Sonali BhattacharjeeAbstract
Background:
Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) comprises a group of disorders characterized by abnormal adherence of the placenta to the uterine wall, involving part or all of the maternal uterine surface. The severity of maternal and neonatal complications depends on the depth and extent of placental invasion.
Aim:
To assess the histopathological features of PAS disorders and correlate them with the clinical presentation of affected patients.
Materials and Methods:
This study was conducted over 3 years (2022–2025) and included all obstetric hysterectomy specimens received in the Department of Pathology. Histopathological evaluation was performed according to internationally accepted protocols. Relevant clinical details were obtained from hospital records.
Results:
During the study period, 15,538 deliveries were recorded. Of these, 12 cases were histopathologically confirmed as PAS, yielding an incidence of approximately 1 in 1294 hospital-based deliveries. All patients had a history of prior uterine surgery or instrumentation, most commonly a previous cesarean section. Obstetric hysterectomy was performed in all cases.
Conclusion:
PAS represents a significant obstetric complication associated with considerable maternal and neonatal morbidity. The findings underscore the need for careful antenatal surveillance and strict adherence to established clinical protocols, particularly in patients with a history of prior cesarean delivery, to improve maternal and fetal outcomes.