High‐Speed Integrated Graphene‐Silicon Slot‐Waveguide Electro‐Absorption Modulator at 2 and 1.5 µm Wavebands

ABSTRACT

The 2‐ waveband, emerging as a highly promising candidate for optical communication, offers an extended wavelength window for high‐speed optical transmission. Despite its potential, the development of integrated electro‐optic (E/O) modulators operating at this wavelength range has been limited. Such E/O modulators are crucial for high‐speed optical communication systems at the 2‐ waveband. In this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate the first 2‐ waveband E/O absorption modulator based on a graphene‐silicon slot waveguide. Our approach enables high‐speed, efficient, robust, and compact modulators at both 2 and 1.5‐ wavebands. This work represents a significant advancement toward the realization of high‐speed integrated E/O modulators for optical communication systems operating at the 2‐ wavelength range.