Hierarchically Aligned Core–Shell Yarn‐Shaped Triboelectric Yarns With Coupled High‐Density Charge Trapping and Efficient Transport

ABSTRACT

Yarn‐shaped triboelectric materials (Y‐TENGs) hold great promise for high‐performance wearable electronics, but conventional designs suffer from low charge density due to limited internal macro‐ and microscale structures. Here, an aligned side‐by‐side triboelectric yarn (ASS‐TY) is developed through a one‐step conjugate electrospinning strategy. It synergistically combines reduced interfacial charge transfer resistance and enhanced axial charge transport along the core yarn, enabled by the continuous alignment of the conductive cores in the side‐by‐side (SBS) structure. COMSOL simulations (2D and 3D) confirm that the SBS configuration significantly increases the surface potential and outperforms randomly oriented fiber layers. The ASS‐TY achieves a deep trap energy of 1.02 eV and a deep trap density of 1.83 × 10 ²¹ eV ⁻¹ m ⁻³ , about five times higher than non‐SBS structures, effectively suppressing charge leakage. The ASS‐TY device delivers a stable output of 197 V and 131.20 mW m ^{− 2} , and when integrated into gloves, enables reliable self‐powered sensing. This work provides a structural design paradigm for high‐performance triboelectric materials and new insights for wearable electronics.