Health‐related quality of life in people with HIV from the multicentre CoRIS cohort in Spain: Associated factors and short‐term changes over time
Rebeca Izquierdo, Inés Suárez‐García, Cristina Marco‐Sánchez, Leire Pérez‐Latorre, Melchor Riera, Joanna Cano, Consuelo Viladés, Sergio Reus, Julián Olalla, Patricia González‐Ruano, Eva Orviz, Asunción Díaz, Santiago Moreno, Inma Jarrín, Abstract
Objectives
We aimed to describe health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), overall and across its dimensions, identify associated factors, and assess changes over time among people with HIV (PWH) from the Spanish multicentre CoRIS cohort.
Methods
We developed a mobile app to collect HRQoL data every 3 months using the WHOQOL‐HIV‐BREF questionnaire (31 items across six domains), among PWH followed in CoRIS in 2021–2023. Factors associated with good/very good global HRQoL and with domain‐specific mean scores were identified using multivariable logistic and linear regression, respectively.
Results
Of 414 PWH (94.2% on antiretroviral treatment, 91.1% virally suppressed), 51.2% reported good/very good HRQoL. Latin American migrants (adjusted OR: 0.60 [95% CI: 0.36; 1.00]), and participants with lower educational level (0.36 [0.21; 0.64]), a previous AIDS diagnosis (0.56 [0.29; 1.11]) and a history of non‐AIDS‐related cancers (0.40 [0.14; 1.14]) were less likely to report good/very good global HRQoL. The most affected items included sexual satisfaction, forgiveness and blame, sleep and rest, and concerns about the future, with spirituality, religion and personal beliefs as the most affected domain. Latin American origin, lower educational level and shorter (<2 years) or longer (>15 years) time since HIV diagnosis were associated with poorer HRQoL in specific domains. No significant changes in HRQoL were observed after 12 months except slightly higher scores in physical health.
Conclusions
Only half of PWH reported good/very good global HRQoL. This highlights the need to develop targeted strategies to improve HRQoL among PWH, focusing on addressing the most affected dimensions and supporting the most vulnerable groups.