Harvesting Wind Energy via Biomimetic Fibonacci‐Blade Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Self‐Powered Fabrication of SERS Substrate

ABSTRACT

In situ self‐powered sensing systems are crucial for industrial site monitoring. However, the low‐speed, random, multidirectional airflow energy generated by natural wind, thermal plumes, mechanical ventilation, and building disturbances in industrial environments limits the conversion of airflow energy. Inspired by the Fibonacci spiral arrangement of plants in nature, this paper proposes a biomimetic Fibonacci blade–based triboelectric nanogenerator (FB‐TENG) for multidirectional wind energy harvesting and sensor self‐powering. The FB‐TENG exhibits stable rotational speed, driving torque, and electrical output under horizontal, vertical, and oblique inflow conditions, demonstrating its adaptability to complex spatial airflow. After approximately 400,000 cycles, the open‐circuit voltage of the device remains at 99.81% of its initial value, demonstrating excellent long‐term operational stability. Application demonstrations show that the FB‐TENG can harvest wind energy and drive the in situ reduction and deposition of Ag ⁺ on the Pt substrate surface through rectified output, constructing the Pt@Ag‐based particle surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy substrate. This results in a Raman signal enhancement factor of 1.826 × 10 ³ for R6G molecules at 1327 cm ⁻¹ , approximately 6.43 times that of a bare Pt substrate. Simultaneously, this device can power a flame sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor in a real outdoor random wind field using an energy storage circuit, driving them to perform environmental sensing.