Gross Appearance of Fine Needle Aspiration Smears: Can Adequacy of the Sample be Assessed and Correlated with their Microscopic Cytological Yield
Sushma Ramraje, Prabal Deb, Buddheshwar N. Hiwale, Bishakha Deb- Histology
- Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Abstract
Background:
Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a simple procedure that is widely accepted as a first-line investigation. It should ideally be performed near the patient with microscopic assessment for evaluation of adequacy of aspirate. Since this is not always possible, a worthwhile substitute is to assess the gross appearance of the material obtained. This study was aimed to determine the value of this alternative rapid, bed-side approach.
Method:
This study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital for a duration of 1 year, where 50 cases undergoing FNAC in the out-patient department (OPD) were included. Unstained smears of commonly encountered lesions were photographed and assessed by three independent observers, who graded them into four grades, viz.
Results:
Distribution of the 50 cases between grades 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 5, 6, 17, and 22, respectively.
Conclusion:
Gross appearances of FNA smears are helpful in predicting the adequacy of the sample and sometimes the final microscopic diagnosis. The cellularity of a sample can be gauged by inspection and sometimes a likely diagnosis can be made. Some lesions show typical gross appearance easily detected by the experienced eye so a likely diagnosis can be predicted prior to microscopic examination. However, near-patient microscopic assessment of FNA specimens for rapid onsite evaluation, if available, should be the preferred mode.