Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Waste Water of Rosa canina Oil Distillation: Optimization and Antibacterial Activity
Zahra Sabahi, Parisa Bahraini, Mahmoodreza Moein, Shohreh AlipourIntroduction:
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been widely recognized as effective antimicrobial agents for combating bacterial resistance.
Methods:
In this study, wastewater from Rosa canina oil distillation was utilized as a catalyst in the eco-friendly synthesis of AgNPs. As this waste has the potential to become enriched, ion-exchange column chromatography was used to prepare a polyphenol-enriched fraction from the wastewater. After evaluating the antioxidant activities (DPPH, FRAP, ORAC, NO scavenging, and comet assay) of fractions, the most potent antioxidant fraction was selected for the green synthesis of AgNPs. The AgNPs were synthesized using both chemical and green methods and optimized using Design-Expert® software based on particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential.
Results:
The optimized chemical (C-Ag-9) and green (G-Ag-1) synthesized nanoparticles displayed particle sizes of 84 and 52 nm, polydispersity indices (PDIs) of 1.9 and 1.4, and zeta potentials of -42.5 and -81 mV, respectively. The SEM-EDX analysis revealed weight percentages of 91.8% and 1.89% for the chemical (C-Ag-9) and green (G-Ag-1) synthesized AgNPs, respectively. The antibacterial activities of selected AgNPs were evaluated by determining inhibition zones on Pseudomonas aeruginosa media. When comparing two antibiotics, cefotaxime and chloramphenicol, as positive controls, G-Ag-1 results were significantly higher (p<0.0001) than C-Ag-9. Additionally, their ability to inhibit biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is significant when compared to ciprofloxacin.
Discussion:
These findings demonstrate that Rosa canina distillation wastewater constitutes a sustainable and valuable source of bioactive compounds for the green synthesis of AgNPs with enhanced antimicrobial efficacy.
Conclusion:
This wastewater can serve as an effective reducing agent. It would be a competitive alternative to chemical methods. These findings reveal the potential of valorized waste for the eco-friendly production of nanomaterials with promising antimicrobial and biomedical applications.