Green Photocatalytic Approaches Using Heterocyclic Compounds for Textile Dye Removal: Advancing Sustainability

ABSTRACT

Pollutants in the textile wastewater are toxic and persistent in nature and cause serious environmental problems. The eco‐friendly nature and efficient degradation capability of pollutants make photocatalytic degradation an effective and sustainable way to remove dyes. This review emphasizes the use of heterocycle compounds for improving the photocatalytic activity in treating textile wastewater. The heterocyclic compounds possess better charge transfer properties, inhibit electron recombination, and increase the generation of ROS, thus resulting in better degradation efficiency and stability of the catalyst. The review also covers degradation mechanisms, sustainability aspects, recyclability of the catalysts, and green chemistry aspects of heterocyclic compound‐assisted photocatalytic systems. In addition, the issues of stability, scalability, and real wastewater applications are carefully examined, and future research avenues are explored. In general, photocatalysis with heterocyclic compounds is a new technique in the field of sustainable environmental remediation.