Functional outcomes and quality of life after partial glossectomy for tongue carcinoma: A prospective observational study.

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Background: Tongue resection for carcinoma significantly impacts essential functions such as speech, swallowing, and tongue mobility. While various reconstruction techniques are available, their comparative impact on long-term function remains inadequately studied, especially within a standardized surgical framework. Methods: This prospective study included 42 patients with T1–T3 squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue who underwent Type II glossectomy at a tertiary cancer center. Patients were stratified into three reconstruction groups: primary closure, MatriDerm-assisted secondary intention healing, and flap reconstruction. Functional outcomes were assessed at 6–12 months postoperatively using validated instruments: EAT-10 for swallowing, Speech Handicap Index (SHI) for speech, Tongue Motility Assessment (TMA), and EORTC QLQ-F17 and HN35 for quality of life. Results: Swallowing outcomes were largely preserved, with a mean EAT-10 score of 3.05. MatriDerm group had the lowest swallowing difficulty, though differences between groups were not statistically significant (p = 0.079). SHI and TMA scores showed significant variation (p = 0.013 and p < 0.001, respectively), with flap reconstructions associated with worse outcomes. RAFF flaps performed better than bulkier options like ALT. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy were significantly associated with poorer function and QoL (p < 0.05). QoL scores were generally good, but subjective perceptions were lower in older patients. Tumor size, stage, and reconstruction type significantly influenced outcomes. Conclusions: MatriDerm and primary closure offered superior functional outcomes in partial glossectomy compared to flap reconstruction, particularly in T1–T2 tumors. The use of a standardized glossectomy classification (Ansarin et al.) enhanced methodological clarity. Future studies should explore long-term outcomes across broader populations and incorporate routine rehabilitative strategies. Clinical trial information: CTRI/2024/03/063482 .

Demography of the patient.