DOI: 10.1177/29768640261487931 ISSN: 2976-8640

From the platform society to the AI society

Petter Törnberg, Justus Uitermark

Generative AI is becoming embedded in infrastructures of knowledge, culture, and political authority, giving rise to an emerging AI society . This transformation did not arise ex nihilo : it is rooted in the platform society whose infrastructures, data, and political economies it reorganizes. The article traces this transition across three domains. Economically , platform-era monopoly mechanisms based on network effects are giving way to cognitive lock-in, enabling rent extraction through dependence on personalized systems. Epistemically , the predictive logic of platforms is being displaced by a generative one, in which theory is embedded in technological infrastructures and populations are simulated rather than sampled. Politically , platform-era struggles over visibility are shifting toward alignment politics: contests over what models can say, do, and refuse. Together, these shifts mark a qualitative change in mediation. We ask which insights from platform society scholarship should be carried forward, and which reconsidered, in ongoing critical research on generative AI.