From Heretic to Prophet: Two Milestones in the Early Modern Re-evaluation of John Hus (16th – Early 18th Century)

Abstract

The article examines the early modern reinterpretation of John Hus, which was carried out in several stages by Luther and his followers. Originally condemned as a heretic and burned at the stake in 1415, Hus’ legacy underwent a significant reinterpretation during the Reformation. As a result, Hus was stylised from a heretic to a prophet. Martin Luther’s confrontation with Hus’ ideas, particularly after the Leipzig Disputation of 1519, marked a turning point and led to Hus being honoured as a forerunner and saint by Protestants. On the Catholic side, on the other hand, attempts were made to discredit Luther through his commitment to Hus. In the 1530s, Luther and his followers elevated Hus to the status of a prophet. This re-evaluation was further institutionalised through various efforts. The article explores the processes and motivations behind this change.