Forming the development directions of the circular economy in the Nordic countries

Circular economy is proposed as the key factor promoting development of more sustainable production and consumption models. The transition to a circular economy implies economic transformation and applies equally to all economic sectors. One of the challenges in implementing circular economy principles is the development and dissemination of efficient strategies that can guide the transition from a linear economy model. The focus of a circular economy development, as defined by national strategies for specific waste streams, varies across countries. An analysis of strategic documents in the Nordic countries reveals that they have several limitations in facilitating the transition to a circular economy, including a lack of analysis of alternative pathways, weak integration into broader policy frameworks, and low stakeholder engagement. Further research should focus on removing these limitations to improve the efficiency of strategic documents in implementing circular economy in the Nordic countries.