Fish‐Scale‐Derived Triboelectric Composite‐Enabled Conformal Self‐Powered Sensing Glove for Intelligent Sign‐Language Recognition

ABSTRACT

Sustainable triboelectric materials that combine high sensitivity, mechanical compliance, and wearable integration are highly desirable for next‐generation human‐machine interfaces. Here, we report a fish‐scale‐derived triboelectric composite for conformal self‐powered sensing and sign‐language recognition. Calcined fish‐scale powder (CFSP) is incorporated into a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) architecture through electrospinning and spin coating, forming heterogeneous micro/nano interfaces that are favorable for interfacial charge accumulation and interfacial polarization. The resulting triboelectric layer exhibits stable output over 10 000 cycles and a multi‐region pressure response, with pressure sensitivities of 2.82, 1.41, and 0.42 V kPa ⁻¹ in the pressure ranges of 0.25–1.25, 1.25–5, and 5–12.50 kPa, respectively. Based on this designed material, a structurally decoupled 9‐channel sensor array is constructed to improve channel independence while conforming to the three‐dimensional curvature of the hand. The glove enables distributed acquisition of hand‐motion signals ranging from subtle skin deformation to forceful gripping. Coupled with a spatial‐temporal graph convolutional network, the platform achieves 94.43% recognition accuracy for representative sign‐language gestures and supports real‐time translation of continuous motion sequences. This work provides a biowaste‐to‐functional‐material route for triboelectric interfaces and a conformal self‐powered sensing front‐end for wearable sign‐language interaction.