First sexual experiences of youth in Canada: A national survey

Our understanding of the early sexual experiences of youth has been hampered by a number of methodological shortcomings in previous research. The primary goal of the current study was to examine the ages at which youth differing in gender identity and sexual orientation typically first engage in four genitally-focused sexual behaviours (i.e., genital fondling, penile-vaginal intercourse, penile-anal intercourse, oral sex) in a more comprehensive way. We also sought to determine the extent to which youth feel adequately prepared for penile-vaginal and penile-anal intercourse. Participants were 3,499 youth in Canada between the ages of 16 and 24 who completed an online survey. Youth varied in the age at which they first experienced each behaviour, such that not all youth had engaged in every behaviour at each age level, even among those aged 22–24. The percentages of experienced youth tended to be higher for older adolescents/young adults in the sample. Most youth felt they were prepared to prevent STIs, ensure the behaviour was consensual, and to ensure the experience was pleasurable for them and their partner the first time they engaged in penile-vaginal and penile-anal sex. Although the results point to some differences in the early experiences of youth based on their gender and sexual orientation, we found more similarities than differences. These findings carry important implications for sexual health education, healthcare professionals, and parents who want to support youth development.