Financing of «green» projects through carbon taxation: experience and prospects

The article examines the mechanisms of financing "green" projects through carbon taxation tools based on a comparative analysis of European and Russian practices. The functioning of the EU ETS is being considered as a source of financing for the EU Innovation Fund, which in 2025-2026 allocated 5.2 billion euros for projects in the field of clean technologies, hydrogen and industrial decarbonization. The results of the Sakhalin experiment on greenhouse gas emissions quotas, which ends in 2025, are analyzed, and the prospects for scaling this model to the national level are assessed. Special attention is paid to alternative financing instruments – green bonds, the volume of which in Russia in 2025 for the first time exceeded 1 trillion rubles. Based on statistical data, two tables are presented that characterize the dynamics of financing "green" projects through carbon payments and the development of the green bond market. The conclusion is made about the expediency of a combined approach to financing decarbonization.