Femoral neck system implant for internal fixation in young femoral neck fracture patients: Narrative review

Abstract

Femoral neck fractures in young adults, though uncommon, require careful treatment to preserve the femoral head. The Femoral Neck System (FNS) was developed to provide stability and control with a smaller implant size. This review compares FNS fixation to cannulated compression screws (CCS) and dynamic hip screws (DHS) regarding biomechanical stability, perioperative factors, healing, complications, and outcomes. Evidence was gathered from systematic reviews, comparative studies, and biomechanical research, focusing on adult femoral neck fractures. Findings indicate that FNS may lead to quicker healing, reduced femoral neck shortening, and fewer complications compared to CCS, though blood loss is typically higher. Comparison with DHS shows comparable stability, with some studies noting shorter operative times with FNS. However, the quality of evidence is predominantly from retrospective studies, lacking Level I randomized trials. Thus, while FNS is a potential option for young patients, more high-quality research is necessary to establish its superiority definitively.