Exploring the use of the ICF in the transition from military to civilian systems: A mapping review

Introduction: Canadian Veterans experience a complicated transition as they adapt from military to civilian health care and community services. During this transition, Veterans may face barriers to adequate care, such as building relationships with health care professionals or reconceptualizing their goals. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is an accessible framework that may facilitate the transition process by serving as a reminder of the components underscoring the military-to-civilian health care transition process. Mapping the application, benefits, and limitations of the ICF in this transition process may help improve care coordination for Veterans. Methods: This study used a mapping review methodology. A systematic search was conducted across six electronic databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Social Science Abstracts. Doyle et al.’s key features of content analysis were used to descriptively map the application of the ICF transition process in the literature. Results: Five studies met the eligibility criteria. The ICF was used in a theoretical context to support research. The most common application of the ICF was to understand how environmental and personal factors influenced participation in Veterans’ transition process. All authors agreed that the ICF can support transition planning and treatment progress in a clinical context. Discussion: The ICF is a powerful framework that can support health care decision-making by emphasizing person-centred treatment planning. Additional research is needed to understand how the ICF can be used in a practical context.