Exploring Digital Media Research in Vocational Education: A Bibliometric Analysis from Scopus Database

Rapid technological improvements present both opportunities and difficulties for teaching and learning, elevating digital media to the forefront of vocational education discussions. This study investigates the evolution of digital media research in vocational education to determine its impact on current and future educational practices. The Scopus database was used to conduct a bibliometric analysis of 28 publications published between 2005 and 2024. Despite rare oscillations, the main research trend is steadily increasing, particularly after 2020. The analysis identified four key research areas: (1) innovative digital learning via virtual reality, simulation, and e-learning platforms; (2) technological adaptation and teacher preparedness; (3) industry relevance and employability enhancement; and (4) inclusive and ethical digital transformation. Co-authorship and keyword network studies show that developing nations have contributed very little to this field's research, which is still largely regional in scope. The focus of recent research has switched to data analytics, immersive learning, and artificial intelligence (AI)-driven personalization, which reflects the intersection of emerging technologies and digital pedagogy. This paper proposes the Digital Media Integration Framework for Vocational Education Transformation, which links digital media platforms, AI integration, pedagogical innovation, and institutional preparation, based on the findings presented. The findings highlight the need for inclusive, interdisciplinary, and policy-supported strategies to assist the digital transformation of vocational learning and provide valuable insights about how digital media is changing in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET).