Experimental Study on the Dust Removal Performance of Wet Chord Grid Water Film for Fine Dust

Fine dust generated during mining operations has become a key factor restricting the sustainable development of mines. The wet chord grid water film (WCGWF) dust removal technology, based on its unique dust–water interaction mechanism, has shown superior performance in removing coarse dust particles. Nevertheless, its dust removal efficiency for fine dust and the corresponding optimization approaches remain unclear. In this paper, experimental dust with a mean particle size of 10.32 μm was prepared. A WCGWF dust removal experimental platform was established. The effects of nozzle atomization characteristics, dust generation rate, chord grid position, and water supply pressure on the total dust removal efficiency of fine dust were systematically investigated. The results show that the hollow-cone nozzle has lower water consumption and a smaller droplet size than the solid-cone nozzle. The total dust removal efficiency of WCGWF remained stable under different dust generation rates (7.0–19.5 g/min). As the distance between the chord grid plate (CGP) and the nozzle outlet increased from 450 mm to 950 mm, the total dust removal efficiency of WCGWF increased from 66.7% to 73.6%. With the water supply pressure rising from 0.3 MPa to 0.7 MPa, the mean Sauter mean diameter (SMD) of the hollow-cone nozzle in the downstream region decreased from 138.9 μm to 90.5 μm. Meanwhile, the spray dust removal efficiency (from 48.1% to 59.6%) and the second-stage collection efficiency of the CGP (from 32.6% to 38.0%) both increased simultaneously. The findings validate the effectiveness of WCGWF dust removal technology as an efficient and environmentally friendly method for fine dust control.