Experiences of homecoming, civilian employment, and the mental health of UK reservists deployed to Iraq or Afghanistan

Introduction: Reservists are a significant part of the UK Armed Forces and are crucial for national defence. Nonetheless, little research has been conducted on the experiences of UK reservists returning from deployment and the factors associated with poorer health outcomes. This study explored reservists’ experiences of homecoming and returning to civilian employment after deployment and associations with adverse mental health outcomes. Methods: Using data from the third phase of a UK military cohort study (2014-2016), this study explored experiences of homecoming and returning to civilian employment of 912 reservists who deployed to Iraq, Afghanistan, or both and associations with adverse mental health outcomes. Adjusted multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to examine associations between homecoming experiences, civilian job experiences, and adverse mental health outcomes. Results: The majority of reservists, 74.5%, reported no major problems returning from deployment, and about half felt well supported by the military, which decreased the risk of reporting adverse mental health outcomes. However, 70.6% of reservists also reported at least one challenge coming home from deployment. Both negative homecoming experiences and negative experiences in civilian employment were positively associated with an increased risk of reporting probable posttraumatic stress disorder, common mental disorders, and alcohol misuse. Discussion: Many reservists experienced some challenges coming home from deployment and returning to their civilian job. The findings could provide direction for future policies to further support reservists’ reintegration post-deployment.