DOI: 10.46310/tjim.1976086 ISSN: 2687-4245

Evaluation of the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Hemoglobin Albumin Lymphocyte Platelet Score in Celiac Patients: A Retrospective Single-Center Study

Aycan Acet, Süleyman Coşgun, Cengiz Koçak, Türkan Paşalı Kilit, Sertaş Erarslan, Çağla Özdemir, Ayşenur Karayel, Cumali Yalçın
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Objective: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic immune-mediated enteropathy diagnosed using serological tests and histopathological evaluation of duodenal biopsies according to the Marsh classification. Because biopsy is invasive, attention has shifted toward simple inflammatory biomarkers derived from routine laboratory parameters, such as the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) and hemoglobin–albumin–lymphocyte–platelet (HALP) score, which reflect systemic inflammatory and immune-nutritional status. This study evaluated the diagnostic value of SII and HALP and their ability to predict the histopathological severity in patients with CD.Methods: This retrospective observational study included 112 participants: 51 patients with newly diagnosed CD and 61 age- and sex-matched controls. CD was confirmed according to the European Society for the Study of Coeliac Disease criteria, and patients were classified as having Marsh 2 or Marsh 3 disease. SII and HALP indices were derived from routine laboratory parameters. Comparative analyses, ROC curve assessments, and multivariate logistic regression were conducted, with significance set at p < 0.05.Results: Patients with CD showed significantly lower hemoglobin, ferritin, and total iron-binding capacity than controls (p < 0.05), whereas SII and HALP did not differ significantly between groups. Tissue transglutaminase IgA and anti-endomysial IgA positivity were markedly higher in Marsh 3 than in Marsh 2 patients. ROC analysis showed limited diagnostic utility for HALP (AUC = 0.589) and no significant performance for SII (AUC = 0.479). Neither index predicted advanced villous atrophy (HALP AUC = 0.623; SII AUC = 0.611) nor emerged as an independent predictor in the regression analysis.Conclusion: In this single-center retrospective cohort, SII and HALP scores showed limited diagnostic and prognostic utility in newly diagnosed CD and, on the basis of the present data, did not reliably forecast histopathological severity.

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