Evaluation of Smartphone-Attachable Microscopes for Parasitic Pathogen Ova Identification

Accurate analysis and diagnosis of parasitic infections traditionally require conventional laboratory microscopes, limiting accessibility in resource-limited and rural areas as these microscopes are expensive and not easily portable. Smartphone-attachable microscope devices offer an affordable, portable alternative. This study evaluated the accuracy and perceived microscope usability of three commercially available smartphone-attachable microscopes (uHandy, Foldscope, and Carson handy) compared to a conventional microscope using prepared parasitic ova and cyst slides. Evaluators captured images of prepared parasite slides using these devices and performed blinded identification. Agreement analysis of the species identification based on the images and assessment of the perceived usability features of each microscope were performed. Despite scoring lower than other microscopes for perceived usability, the Foldscope demonstrated the most accurate diagnosis consistently throughout the different parasites. The Carson handy received scores for magnification, lighting, and image quality that were comparable to a conventional microscope. There were no differences between the three smartphone-attachable microscopes in terms of slide compatibility, ease of image acquisition, stability, or portability. Improvements in imaging in the future along with access to standardized portable device could allow for quicker, more accurate diagnoses, and more tailored treatments leading to better outcomes for patients in neglected areas.