Evaluation of Serum Caveolin-1 Levels in Iraqi Patients Having Diabetes Peripheral Neuropathy Using Both Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument and Nerve Conduction Study
Israa Abdelmalik Salem, Sura Ahmed Abdulsattar, Haider Fadhil AlrubayeAbstract
Background:
Peripheral neuropathy is one of the serious diabetic complications associated with neural structural and functional abnormalities. Schwann cells are crucial for the structure and function of nerve fibers, coating them by forming a myelin sheath. The reduction in Caveolin-1 (CAV1), a 21 KD protein, expression has been linked to neurodegenerative disorders.
Objective:
Our aim is to evaluate the levels of serum CAV1 in diabetic patients using the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) and nerve conduction study.
Materials and Methods:
126 type 2 diabetic patients from those who attended National Diabetic Center of Mustansiriyah University. The patients were randomly selected and underwent neuropathy screening, confirmed by a nerve conduction study. Fasting blood specimens were taken to assess fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and serum CAV1. Patients were classified based on the findings of the MNSI and nerve conduction study.
Results:
The serum CAV1 level was significantly elevated in patients with elevated MNSI scores compared to those with a lower scores, while no significant difference was found between patients regarding nerve study. However, in this study, patients with higher scores on MNSI, regardless of whether they had diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) or not, exhibited significantly the highest levels of serum CAV1 compared to other patients who had lower scores.
Conclusion:
In type 2 diabetic patients, serum CAV1 level was not influenced by the occurrence of DPN based on nerve study results. However, it was associated with higher scores on MNSI.