Evaluation of Oral Health-related Quality of Life in Different Stages of Periodontal Disease: A Cross-sectional Study
Jyothi Prasanna Paritala, Anupama Masapu, Shanmukha Srinivas Manikanta Kumar Tirumalasetty, Samuel Padala, Sindhuri Yerra, Neelima PendyalaAbstract
Background:
Oral Health-related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) is a vital measure reflecting the functional, psychological, and social impact of oral diseases. Periodontitis, being a chronic inflammatory condition, can significantly affect these aspects depending on disease severity and socioeconomic status (SES).
Aim:
This study aimed to assess the relationship between OHRQoL and different stages of periodontal disease and to evaluate its association with SES.
Settings and Design:
A cross-sectional analytical study assessing periodontal disease stages and OHRQoL among systemically healthy dental outpatients.
Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among participants diagnosed with different stages of periodontal disease. Clinical parameters recorded included the following: Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S), Gingival Index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment loss (CAL). The Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire was used to evaluate OHRQoL.
Statistical Analysis:
The data were analyzed in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20 using Pearson correlation coefficient and analysis of variance, with significance set at a
Results:
Mean OHIP-14 scores increased progressively from Stage 1 (4.85 ± 9.71) to Stage 4 (22.85 ± 15.88) of periodontitis (
Conclusion:
The severity of periodontitis and lower SES are linked to poorer OHRQoL. Early diagnosis, better oral hygiene, and preventive care are essential to reduce the functional and psychosocial impact of periodontal disease.