DOI: 10.4103/pajo.pajo_96_25 ISSN: 2666-4909

Evaluation of ocular surface and tear film in pregnant women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus – A comparative study

K. Susmitha, J. Anitha, Najeeha Habib Shukri, Sindhu Khanna, B. Aisha Sarfunissa

Abstract

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to find the prevalence of dry eye disease in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and to compare it with age matched nondiabetic pregnant women.

Materials and Methods:

The study was conducted on 60 patients. Evaluation was done using Schirmer’s test 1 and 2 and tear break-up time (TBUT) test, ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire, and corneal fluorescein staining score scoring system, and the readings were noted down. Dilated fundus examination was done to rule out any diabetic retinopathy changes.

Results:

Schirmer’s test 1 and 2 values were significantly lower in the gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) group compared to controls ( P < 0.001 and P = 0.046, respectively). OSDI scores were significantly higher in GDM women ( P = 0.018), whereas TBUT values were low with no significant difference ( P = 0.125).

Conclusion:

Gestational diabetes mellitus is associated with reduced tear secretion and higher OSDI scores, indicating an increased risk of dry eye. Routine ocular surface evaluation in GDM may aid in early detection and management.

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