Evaluation of Hemoglobin and Urea Levels in Chronic Renal Failure Patients with and without Diabetes Referred to Rafsanjan Clinic 2021–2022

Introduction: This study investigated hemoglobin concentration in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients with and without diabetes referred to the Rafsanjan Diabetes Clinic from 2021 to 2022. Methods: In this descriptive study, 112 patients with chronic renal failure from the diabetes clinic at Ali-ibn Abi-Talib Hospital were selected using a convenience sampling method and examined. Chronic kidney disease patients not undergoing hemodialysis were included, and patients with specific blood conditions, a history of blood transfusions, or incomplete records were excluded. Demographic and clinical parameters were collected using a researcher-made checklist. SPSS 24 software was used for data analysis. Results: In this study, 120 CRF patients, averaging 63.90 years old, were evaluated, divided into two groups: those with (n = 64) and those without (n = 56) diabetes. Results indicated that diabetic patients had significantly higher body mass index and a higher mean age compared to non-diabetic patients (P < 0.001). Laboratory analyses revealed that the diabetic group showed elevated levels of urea, HbA1c, and fasting blood sugar, higher rates of anemia, and reduced levels of hemoglobin (all P < 0.001). A logistic regression analysis revealed that diabetes significantly increases the risk of developing anemia among CRF patients, nearly tripling the likelihood (OR = 3.110, P = 0.494). Conclusion: The results showed that CRF in patients with diabetes was associated with disorders such as lower hemoglobin levels, anemia, and higher HbA1c. Even though this disorder itself can cause adverse effects in diabetic patients, it is necessary to continuously evaluate the mentioned indicators in these patients, since in the long term, they will aggravate the symptoms and severity of the disease.