Evaluation of Ejection Fraction and Its Determinants at Different Time Intervals After Primary PCI in Elderly Patients: A Descriptive Study

Introduction: Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is the preferred treatment for patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is a key marker of cardiac function. This study aimed to evaluate changes in LVEF during initial hospitalization and at 2- and 6-week follow-up post-PPCI and to identify factors influencing LVEF improvement. Methods: This retrospective descriptive study included 151 patients with STEMI who underwent coronary angiography. Data were collected through patient files, clinical history, echocardiography, and calculation of SYNTAX I and II scores. Results: A significant inverse correlation was observed between SYNTAX scores (I and II) and EF at all three time points (baseline, 2 weeks, and 6 weeks post-PPCI). Mean EF indicated a significant increase two weeks after PPCI (P<0.001). Among 139 patients followed up, 50.4% demonstrated≥10% improvement in EF at either 2 or 6 weeks. Increasing age was associated with less improvement in EF over the 6 weeks. Conclusion: EF improves significantly within the first 2-6 weeks after PPCI. However, higher SYNTAX scores and older age were associated with less likelihood of EF recovery, highlighting their value as predictors of post-intervention cardiac function.