Evaluating a Coaching Intervention for Dementia Care Practice Recommendations in Care Communities: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Boeun Kim, Basia Belza, Shawn Johnson, Emily Waddington, Walter Moczygemba, Sam Fazio, Lorna ProphaterAbstract
Background and Objectives
Within care communities, including nursing home and assisted living settings, person-centered dementia care, outlined by the 2018 Alzheimer’s Association Dementia Care Practice Recommendations (DCPR), is foundational to quality care and improving staff outcomes. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a six-month Care Community Coaching Program in enhancing person-centered dementia care and staff outcomes in alignment with the DCPR.
Research Design and Methods
A cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted with 77 care communities and 434 staff members—227 from 38 intervention communities and 207 from 39 control communities. Outcomes included employee satisfaction (areas: job satisfaction, team building and communication, scheduling and staffing, training, and management and leadership), person-centered care practices (areas: workplace practices, individualized care and services, caregiver-resident relationships), and dementia care confidence, measured pre- and post-intervention and at three-month follow-up. A generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) model was used to estimate intervention effects.
Results
Care communities assigned to the coaching intervention showed statistically significant improvements in employee satisfaction and staff perceptions of workplace practices and individualized care. No statistically significant effects on staff perceptions of caregiver-resident relationships or on dementia care confidence were noted.
Discussion and Implications
Findings provide direction for future research and intervention development, including examining coaching’s impact on resident quality outcomes, and incorporating skills training into future models. Collectively, findings provide evidence of the effectiveness of a Care Community Coaching Program in improving staff outcomes and person-centered practices, offering a practical path towards improving the lived experience of residents and staff in care communities.