ESG factors in the system of ensuring long-term financial security of organizations in the agro-industrial complex

This article examines the impact of ESG (environmental, social, and governance) factors on the long-term financial security of organizations in the agro-industrial complex. It argues that the integration of ESG criteria is becoming a necessary condition for reducing cash flow volatility, the cost of borrowed capital, and strategic vulnerability. Using dairy farming as a case study, the authors propose an original system of threshold values for ESG indicators to diagnose levels of financial security (high, risk zone, critical). The study demonstrates that incorporating non-financial factors into default prediction models significantly improves their accuracy compared to traditional liquidity and financial stability ratios. The risks of greenwashing (imitation of sustainable practices) are identified, along with methodological limitations related to the heterogeneity of industry-specific approaches and regional characteristics. The article concludes that developing long-term roadmaps to reduce the carbon footprint and enhance governance transparency is essential for ensuring the genuine financial security of agricultural enterprises.