Epidemiology of Parkinson’s disease in a multinational region of Russia: a population-based study in the republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

Objective. To assess the prevalence, registered incidence, and mortality of Parkinson’s disease (PD) in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in 2025 and compare these indicators with data from 2017. Material and methods. This observational, population-based study used the Parkinson’s Disease Patient Registry in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The study population included individuals aged 18 years and older with a confirmed diagnosis of PD residing in the region. Cases of secondary parkinsonism, atypical parkinsonian syndromes, and unspecified parkinsonism were excluded. Age- and sex-standardized indicators were calculated using the direct standardization method (Eurostandard 2013). Results. In 2025, the standardized prevalence of PD was 113.91 per 100.000 population, higher in men (129.81 per 100.000) than in women (106.16 per 100.000). The highest prevalence was observed in the 70—79 age group. Over the eight years, the number of regions with high PD prevalence increased. The standardized incidence rate in 2025 was 11.06 per 100.000 population per year, compared to 2.1 per 100.000 in 2017. The mortality rate among PD patients was 9.91 per 100.000 population per year. Crude prevalence was 78.8 per 100.000 among the Yakut population and 64.3 per 100.000 among the Russian population. Conclusion. The increase in reported incidence and expansion of high-prevalence areas likely reflect case accumulation in older age groups and improved detection due to better access to specialized care. These findings highlight the need to improve the regional PD registry, standardize recording criteria, and proactively identify patients in remote areas.