Epidemiological Analysis of the Distribution of Malignant Esophageal Neoplasm Cases in Adults Age 35 to 79 Years in Brazil Between 2015 and 2025
Renan Garcia Artus, Leonardo Storch, Pedro Melo, Pedro Henrique Ribeiro Teixeira, Rafael Amengual Duarte, Lucas Guimarães, Henrique Da Rocha FronchetiPURPOSE
Esophageal cancer is a malignant neoplasm associated with high morbidity and mortality and significant impact on health systems. The analysis of case distribution according to age group allows understanding of the epidemiological profile of the disease and identification of population groups with the highest concentration of diagnoses, contributing to the planning of prevention, diagnosis, and oncological care strategies. To analyze the distribution of malignant esophageal neoplasm cases in individuals aged 35 to 79 years in Brazil from 2015 to 2025.
METHODS
A descriptive observational study was conducted using data from the DATASUS Oncology Panel. Records with diagnosis C15, malignant neoplasm of the esophagus, from 2015 to 2025 were included. For this analysis, only cases in the age groups between 35 and 79 years were considered. Data were organized by age groups and analyzed descriptively according to the information provided by the system.
RESULTS
During the analyzed period, an important concentration of cases was observed in the included age groups. Between 35 and 39 years, 591 cases were recorded. In the 40 to 44 age group, 1,083 diagnoses occurred, while between 45 and 49 years, 2,327 cases were counted. Between 50 and 54 years, 4,523 diagnoses were recorded, and between 55 and 59 years, 7,864 cases occurred. The number remained high in subsequent age groups, with 11,270 cases between 60 and 64 years and 12,302 between 65 and 69 years, representing the highest observed volume. Among individuals aged 70-74 years, 11,129 cases were recorded, while in the 75-79 age group, 8,342 diagnoses occurred. A progressive increase in the number of cases is observed from 35 years onward, with a peak between 65 and 69 years.
CONCLUSION
The data demonstrate that esophageal cancer has a higher concentration in older adults, especially between 60 and 69 years. The analysis reinforces the importance of early diagnosis strategies and the organization of oncological care directed toward the most affected age groups.