Endodontic Management of a Two-rooted Canine with Three Canals: A Case Report and Literature Review

The success of endodontic treatment depends on accurate identification and management of the root canal system. This article discusses the complex root canal anatomy in canines, including two roots and three canals, which presents a unique challenge for clinicians. Variations in canal morphology are often overlooked, leading to missed canals and treatment failure. A 43-year-old female patient presented with persistent pain in the lower right front region of the jaw. Digital radiographic investigation revealed an unusual root canal anatomy with deep distoproximal caries. Diagnostic periapical radiographs suggested an unusual canal morphology with two roots and three canals, which was confirmed by cone-beam computed tomography. Nonsurgical root canal treatment was performed under magnification. The case highlights the importance of advanced imaging and magnification in modern endodontics, emphasizing the need for understanding anatomical variations and adapting clinical techniques for optimal treatment outcomes.