Employability and Skills Policy in Poland

This chapter aims to evaluate employability in Poland, considering both challenges and opportunities within the context of European Union (EU) employment policy. The study employs an in-depth analysis of the source data (e.g., Eurostat, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and International Labour Organisation (ILO)) in conjunction with a literature review. Economic development, the influx of new technologies, and changes in education and institutions have a significant impact on improving employability. We confirmed the importance of the multifaceted nature of employability, both at the individual and structural levels. To increase employability in Poland, priority should be given to three key groups: young people, women, and migrants. Supporting vocational education may improve employability among young people. The reform of formal and informal institutions should help women to balance work and family responsibilities. Improving the institutional system may help better integrate migrants socially and economically, thereby reducing informal employment. Lastly, the growing requirements associated with digital transformation and artificial intelligence make it essential to prioritise actions aimed at aligning workforce skills with new labour market demands, as well as adapting business infrastructure and organisational resources to these changes.