Effects of Lipoabdominoplasty on Pulmonary Function and Sleep Apnea Risk in Obese Participants

Background: The rising global prevalence of obesity has led to an increased demand for lipoabdominoplasty. Obesity is known to impair pulmonary function. In addition, obese patients have an increased risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, the long-term effects of lipoabdominoplasty on pulmonary function and sleep apnea are unknown. In our study, we aimed to evaluate pulmonary function and OSA risk 3 months after lipoabdominoplasty. Methods: Our single-center, prospective study was conducted at a university hospital between July 2022 and January 2024 and included participants who underwent lipoabdominoplasty. Demographic data, spirometric parameters, modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scores, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and STOP-Bang (snoring, tiredness, observed apnea, blood pressure, body mass index, age, neck size, gender) scores were recorded before and 3 months after the lipoabdominoplasty procedure. Results: Of the 31 participants, 24 completed the study. Body mass index (BMI) decreased significantly after lipoabdominoplasty (p < 0.001). Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and peak expiratory flow (PEF) increased significantly, while mMRC dyspnea scores decreased significantly compared with preoperative values (p < 0.05). ESS and STOP-Bang scores significantly decreased compared to the preoperative period (p < 0.001). The decreases in ESS and STOP-Bang scores were correlated with the decrease in BMI (r = 0.416, p = 0.045; r = 0.459, p = 0.024). Conclusions: Lipoabdominoplasty may be associated with improved spirometric parameters and lower OSA risk scores at 3 months in participants with obesity.