DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_80_26 ISSN: 0970-9290

Effect of Flavonoid Antioxidants Applied for Varying Durations on the Shear Bond Strength of Composite to Bleached Enamel - An In Vitro Study

A R Arun Kumar, K. Madhuram, Ashok Leburu, K E Selvendran, N Praveen, Harsha Haridas
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Abstract

Context:

Bleaching with high-concentration hydrogen peroxide is effective for tooth whitening; however, it significantly reduces the shear bond strength (SBS) of composite resin due to residual oxygen that inhibits resin polymerization. Antioxidants such as flavonoids may reverse this effect and allow immediate bonding.

Aim:

To investigate the comparative impact of 1% quercetin and 5% naringin on composite resin bonding to bleached enamel following different application durations.

Materials and Methods:

An in vitro study with forty-eight extracted maxillary premolars were divided into six groups ( n = 8): unbleached control, bleached control, quercetin (10 and 20 min), and naringin (10 and 20 min). Specimens were bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide and treated with the respective antioxidants. Composite build-ups were placed after etching and bonding. SBS was measured using a universal testing machine. Failure modes were examined under stereomicroscope for the assessment of the resin–enamel interface.

Statistical Analysis:

The data were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s post hoc test, with the level of significance set at P < 0.05.

Results:

Bleaching significantly reduced SBS compared to unbleached enamel. Antioxidant treatment improved SBS, with naringin performing better than quercetin (one-way ANOVA, P < 0.05). The highest recovery was observed in the 20 min naringin group, approaching unbleached enamel values.

Conclusion:

Both flavonoids improved SBS after bleaching, but 5% naringin for 20 minutes was most effective, indicating its suitability for immediate post-bleaching bonding procedures.

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