Effect of different intensity aerobic exercise on remodeling immune microenvironment of adipose tissue in obesity mouse

Obesity can change the immune microenvironment of adipose tissue and induce inflammation. This study is dedicated to exploring the internal mechanism by which different intensities of exercise reprogram the immune microenvironment of epididymal adipose tissue in nutritionally obese mice. C57BL/6J male obese mouse models were constructed by high-fat diet, which were respectively obese control group (OC), moderate intensity continuous exercise group (HF-M), high intensity continuous exercise group (HF-H) and high intensity intermittent exercise group (HF-T). The exercise group was subjected to aerobic exercise intervention for 8 weeks, and samples of mice were collected at the 4th and 8th week, respectively. Mice blood, liver and adipose tissue of the epididymis were collected for index detection and adipose tissue ordinary transcriptome sequencing. After exercise intervention, when compared with the OC group, the morphology and blood indexes of the exercise groups were significantly improved. The liver lipid content was decreased, adipose tissue inflammation was reduced, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of IL- 1β, F4/80, and CD64 in adipose tissue were significantly decreased (P < 0.01). Among the three exercise groups, the effect of the HF-T group was more significant. When compared with the OC group, fibroblast specific marker genes, neutrophil marker genes, macrophage marker genes, and immune-related signaling pathways were significantly down-regulated in the HF-T group. Exercise can reshape the immune microenvironment of adipose tissue, and high-intensity intermittent aerobic exercise is the most effective.