Economic sanctions in international law with reference to the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia

Sanctions represent one of the most effective instruments of coercion without the use of armed force in international public law. This paper examines economic sanctions, with particular emphasis on their practical application in the case of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. It analyzes the general concept of sanctions in international law, defines economic sanctions, and explores their types as well as their effects on the state and its population. The main objective of the paper is to present the legal nature of economic sanctions, their consequences, and to analyze their application in practice through the example of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The author places particular emphasis on the classification and effectiveness of economic sanctions, considering both their direct and indirect impact on the state and society as a whole. In this regard, the author examines the resolutions of the United Nations Security Council under which sanctions were imposed on the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, as well as their specific effects. In conclusion, the author concludes that economic sanctions are an important mechanism in contemporary international relations for maintaining international peace and security, but they also produce significant adverse consequences not only for the targeted state but also for its population. Therefore, the question of their justification and legitimacy in practice remains open.