Economic Resilience and Sustainability of Wheat Production Systems: Regional Implications for Food Security

The aim of the research is to analyze the economic viability of conventional, no-till (without tillage) and organic wheat production systems based on a case study from Serbia during the agro-economic year 2024/2025. The methodological framework applies microeconomic evaluation using the gross margin method, break-even analysis, sensitivity analysis and economic efficiency coefficients. The results show that the organic production system achieves the highest gross margin (2286.9 EUR/ha) and coefficient of economy of production (6.7), followed by the no-till tillage system. These findings innovatively demonstrate that alternative production systems show potential to mitigate localized food insecurity risks by improving the short-term economic resilience of wheat farming in the face of rising investment costs and market volatility, thus providing actionable insights for strengthening regional food security and agricultural sustainability frameworks.