ECBR: A Graph-Based Learning Framework for Dynamic Community Detection in Social Networks

Traditional dynamic community detection methods often struggle to simultaneously preserve local structural consistency, capture global topological relationships, and efficiently adapt to continuous graph updates in large-scale environments. To solve these limitations, this paper proposes a novel dynamic community detection framework called Embedded Clustering Boundary Refinement (ECBR). The proposed method integrates unsupervised GraphSAGE and Node2Vec embeddings to jointly capture local neighborhood aggregation patterns and global structural equivalence among nodes. The generated embeddings are fused through feature concatenation and z-score normalization to construct a unified latent representation space. Subsequently, Mini-Batch KMeans clustering is employed to efficiently generate the initial community structure while maintaining scalability for large-scale graphs. To further improve partition quality, ECBR introduces a boundary-aware refinement mechanism that identifies structurally ambiguous nodes using neighborhood consistency analysis and reassigns them according to embedding-space similarity. In addition, the framework incorporates an adaptive dynamic update strategy capable of distinguishing between major topological shifts and localized structural changes. Significant graph perturbations trigger complete model retraining, whereas minor modifications are handled through computationally efficient incremental updates on local subgraphs. Experimental evaluations were conducted on synthetic LFR benchmark networks and several real-world dynamic interaction datasets, including high school, workplace, and hospital contact networks. The results demonstrate that ECBR consistently outperforms several state-of-the-art methods, including QCA, DyPerm, DCDID, IncNSA, and DCDBFE, achieving better NMI and ARI scores across diverse network conditions. The experimental findings confirm that ECBR provides a scalable, robust, and highly effective solution for dynamic community detection in evolving large-scale social networks.