Dog bites to veterinary professionals: a mixed methods study. Part 2: the study

Dog bites are an expected but distressing part of veterinary work, yet little is known about the context in which they occur. By better understanding when and why bites occur – and why they often go unreported – more effective interventions to protect veterinary staff and promote the welfare of both people and dogs can be developed. Existing data predominately focus on bite frequency and severity among veterinary surgeons, overlooking nurse and receptionist experiences. A total of 329 surveys and eight interviews were used to explore when and where bites happen in veterinary practice, the influence of training in dog behaviour and engagement in reporting practices. Results showed inconsistent reporting, commonly influenced by bite severity, and familiar use of ambiguous shorthand labels such as ‘CARE’. Many professionals internalised blame, maintaining strong empathy toward the dog. Reporting was hindered by complex protocols and limited understanding of their purpose or benefits. Despite awareness of risk, a sense of duty often drove staff to continue hazardous interactions. Risk varied by role and clinical setting, but the undertaking of dog behaviour training was consistently linked to reduced bite severity. These insights support the need for tailored bite reduction strategies in veterinary settings.