Digital Transformation of Forensic Science: Between Technological Implementation and Anthropological Risks

Forensic science is an applied legal discipline that drives the digital transformation of law enforcement activities. As a fundamental legal discipline, it develops a system of private forensic theories; as a sphere of practical activity, it assesses every technological advance through the prism of reliability, validity, and procedural admissibility. While most studies focus on the technical aspects of modern digital technologies, this research investigates forensic science from the two abovementioned perspectives. 3D scanning technology is known for numerous advantages, i.e., completeness, comprehensiveness, virtual presence, and a wide range of application in expertise. However, digitalization is associated with certain anthropological and epistemological risks, e.g., the competency gap between traditional and digital training, the degradation of actual crime scene examination skills, the loss of professional intuition, and the phenomenon of blind trust in algorithms without critical verification. Through a comparative analysis of digitalization in other spheres, the final conclusions remain fully focused on forensic science.