Diagnostic and Therapeutic Application of Proteomics in Infectious Disease

The study of an organism’s genome, often known as “genomics,” has advanced quickly, producing a wealth of publicly accessible genetic data. Despite how valuable the genome is; proteins essentially control most aspects of cell function. Proteomics, or the comprehensive study of proteins, has emerged as an important technology for disease characterization, diagnosis, prognosis, drug development, and therapy. Proteomics technologies are now used to support the diagnosis and treatment of both infectious and noninfectious diseases. Nevertheless, it is more difficult to describe a proteomic profile since a single gene product may result in a number of unique proteins, and proteins have a wider range of chemical configurations. The proteome profiles of a particular organism, tissue, or cell are impacted by a variety of environmental factors, including those triggered by infectious agents. This review intends to highlight the applications of proteomics in the study of disease diagnosis and treatment. In this review, the different technologies used in proteomics studies, like two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, and protein microarray as well as biomarker discovery and drug target identification using proteomics, have also been focused on.