DOI: 10.31025/2611-4135/2026.19597 ISSN: 2611-4135

Development of biological technology and nano TiO2 modified ceramic membranes for recirculation of shrimp aquaculture wastewater: bottlenecks and prospects

Thuy Ngan Bui Thi, Xuan Quang Chu, Van Tuyen Nguyen, Khac-Uan Do
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The shrimp aquaculture industry generates wastewater rich in organic matter, suspended solids, nutrients, pathogens, and residual antibiotics, posing environmental challenges. Conventional biological treatments, including constructed wetlands, biofloc systems, microalgae cultivation, and recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS), are widely used due to low cost and environmental compatibility; however, their performance is often constrained by recalcitrant organics and unstable effluent quality under water reuse conditions. This review focuses on recent advances in integrating biological processes with nano TiO2 modified ceramic membranes. Ceramic membranes provide mechanical strength, chemical stability, and tolerance to saline and harsh conditions, while TiO2 modification enhances hydrophilicity, antimicrobial activity, and photocatalytic degradation of refractory pollutants. Reported studies show chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies of 85 – 92% and near complete total suspended solids (TSS) removal, while TiO2 modified membranes achieve over 90% removal of dyes, proteins, and oils and reduce membrane fouling under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Membrane fouling mechanisms, photocatalytic performance, bioreactor integration, and economic considerations are discussed. The combination of biological treatment and modified ceramic membranes represents a promising approach for enhancing water reuse and long term treatment stability in shrimp aquaculture.

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