Development of adaptive physical education programs considering heart rate variability indicators in primary school-aged girls with intellectual disability

The purpose of the study is to substantiate and evaluate the effectiveness of differentiated adaptive physical education programs for girls aged 7–9 years with intellectual disability, taking into account the initial type of autonomic regulation of the cardiovascular system. Research methods and organization. In all participants of the experiment, electrocardiograms were recorded and heart rate variability indicators were analyzed before and after the application of the developed adaptive physical education program. The interpretation of heart rate variability (HRV) indicators and their statistical analysis were carried out jointly by the authors of the article and an invited cardiologist. Standard methods of variational cardiointervalometry according to R.M. Baevsky were used for the analysis. Statistical processing of the results was performed using SPSS Statistics 26.0 and Microsoft Excel software. Research results and conclusions. Following the adaptive physical education intervention, all groups demonstrated adaptive changes in autonomic regulation with no signs of reserve depletion. The obtained data confirm the need to consider the initial autonomic tone when developing adaptive physical education programs for children with intellectual disability. The proposed practical recommendations for selecting exercises for each type of autonomic regulation can be used in the work of adaptive physical education specialists in correctional schools.